As we commemorate the 80th anniversary of VE Day – a moment marking victory, sacrifice, and unity – it’s also a timely opportunity to reflect on the evolving makeup of the Armed Forces. While we honour the heroes of the past, we must also recognise the diverse individuals who serve today, including those who are neurodivergent. VE Day reminds us that strength comes not only from tradition, but also from inclusion. Today, the armed forces are enriched by the contributions of autistic personnel, whose unique skills and perspectives are helping to shape a modern, adaptive military.
A Growing Awareness
Between 1998 and 2018, the UK experienced a staggering 787% increase in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnoses. This rise is not due to a spike in autism itself but reflects improved awareness and better diagnostic processes. Schools and educators have played a pivotal role in identifying and supporting neurodivergent individuals, creating environments where they can thrive.
Many adults, including those in the military, are now recognising autistic traits in themselves, often inspired by their children’s diagnoses. These moments of self-discovery are powerful reminders that autism has always been part of our society – even if it hasn’t always been understood.
Real Lives: Lt Gemma Winterton’s Story
Lieutenant Gemma Winterton of the Royal Navy exemplifies how neurodiverse individuals can thrive with the right support.
“I am a Training Manager and currently Officer in Charge of the Weapons Engineering Principles Training Unit. We teach the foundational maths, physics, and systems for future Weapons Engineers,” she explains.
Gemma is both dyslexic and dyspraxic, often co-occurring conditions that can present challenges with working memory and physical coordination. Yet, with resilience and the right support, she has built an impressive career.
“The RN funded me through a PGCE and a Postgraduate Diploma in Training Management and HR Development. They also arranged an Educational Psychologist’s assessment, which gave me access to specialist software and support.”
Beyond academics, she’s found deep fulfilment in teamwork and operational service:
“One of my favourite parts of working in the RN is being part of a tightly knit team. I served in Afghanistan on Herrick 16 as part of a tri-service team. We ran a Pashto-language radio station – an opportunity to use my creativity and communication skills, strengths often found in neurodivergent individuals.”
Despite the challenges posed by her coordination difficulties, Gemma has embraced physical challenges too:
“Adventurous training and sports can be tough, but I’ve always been encouraged to participate. I even raced in the Round the Island Yacht Race!”
Her story is proof that, with the right environment, neurodiverse individuals don’t just fit into the Armed Forces – they flourish.
Autistic Soldiers: Serving with Distinction
Autistic personnel serve across all branches of the armed forces. As of February 2023, over 400 Ministry of Defence employees identified as autistic – and the real number is likely much higher. These individuals bring a wealth of strengths to the table: exceptional attention to detail, pattern recognition, intense focus, and a strong sense of justice and duty.
Yet, despite their contributions, military culture hasn’t always kept pace with their needs. Many still face barriers related to communication styles, sensory sensitivities, or a lack of understanding from leadership. The risk is that, without proper support, these capable individuals may be undervalued or overlooked.
The Imperative for Inclusive Leadership
Leaders at all levels have a responsibility to foster an inclusive environment. To fully unlock the potential of neurodivergent personnel, the military must go beyond awareness – it must actively adapt:
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Educate command teams on autism and neurodiversity.
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Dispel persistent myths and stereotypes.
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Establish policies that support flexible working, communication styles, and workplace adjustments.
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Encourage open dialogue and peer support networks.
When units understand and accept neurological differences, they become stronger, more cohesive, and better prepared for the challenges of modern defence.
Looking Ahead
VE Day reminds us of the power of unity in overcoming adversity. Today, unity means embracing every soldier, sailor, and airman – including those whose minds work differently. Autism is not a barrier to service; it is a different way of thinking that, when supported, can be a powerful asset.
By recognising and valuing the contributions of autistic individuals in uniform, the British Armed Forces can continue to evolve – just as society has. As we look to the future, inclusion isn’t just the right thing to do – it’s essential for operational effectiveness.
